Pit and fissure sealants

What are pits and fissures?

Pits are small hollow areas and fissures are deep grooves on the chewing surfaces of teeth particularly on back teeth (molars and premolars) that can easily trap food and bacteria making them more prone to tooth decay and cavities.

Why pits and fissures cause caries?

These areas are difficult to clean thoroughly leading to food trap and plaque buildup harbouring bacteria causing caries.

How does pit and fissure sealants work?

Pits and fissure caries can be prevented by applying thin protective layer of sealant materials applied on chewing surfaces of teeth. The sealant material adheres to enamel, sealing the deep pits and fissures creating a smooth, cleansable surfaces. They form a barrier that prevent accumulation of food particles thus preventing cavities.

Who are eligible for pit and fissure sealants?

The sealants act as a preventive measure to reduce the risk of developing cavities.

1. Newly erupted permanent molars: sealants applied to newly erupted permanent molars between 6-12 years of age.
2. Children and adolescent at high risk of caries– with previous history of cavities, poor oral hygiene, defective formation, anatomical morphology.
3. Individuals with deep pits and fissures
4. Children with special health care needs: children and young individuals with medical, physical or intellectual disabilities may have benefit due to potential systemic health issues related to dental disease.

Procedure of application:

Cleaning: tooth is thoroughly cleaned to remove plaque or debris

Sealant application: A special solution(etchant) is applied to tooth surface to create slightly rough porous surface for sealants to adhere. Then tooth is thoroughly rinsed to remove the etchant and dried. Liquid seala